Elasticsearch API
编辑Elasticsearch API编辑
elasticsearch-api
库提供了 Elasticsearch REST API 的 Ruby 实现。
安装编辑
从 Rubygems 安装包
gem install elasticsearch-api
要使用未发布的版本,请将其添加到您的 Gemfile
中,用于 Bundler
gem 'elasticsearch-api', git: 'git://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-ruby.git'
或从源代码检出安装
git clone https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-ruby.git cd elasticsearch-ruby/elasticsearch-api bundle install rake install
示例用法编辑
该库被设计为一组独立的 Ruby 模块,可以混合到一个类中,该类提供与 Elasticsearch 的连接——一个 Elasticsearch 客户端。
与 elasticsearch
gem 一起使用编辑
当您从 elasticsearch-ruby
客户端使用客户端时,库模块已被包含,因此您只需调用 API 方法。
响应将是一个 Elasticsearch::API::Response
对象,它包装一个 Elasticsearch::Transport::Transport::Response
对象。它提供了 body
、status
和 headers
方法,但您可以将其视为一个哈希并直接访问键。
require 'elasticsearch' client = Elasticsearch::Client.new >response = client.index(index: 'myindex', id: 1, body: { title: 'Test' }) => #<Elasticsearch::API::Response:0x00007fc9564b4980 @response= #<Elastic::Transport::Transport::Response:0x00007fc9564b4ac0 @body= {"_index"=>"myindex", "_id"=>"1", "_version"=>2, "result"=>"updated", "_shards"=>{"total"=>1, "successful"=>1, "failed"=>0}, "_seq_no"=>1, "_primary_term"=>1}, @headers= {"x-elastic-product"=>"Elasticsearch", "content-type"=>"application/json", "content-encoding"=>"gzip", "content-length"=>"130"}, @status=200>> > response['result'] => "updated" client.search(index: 'myindex', body: { query: { match: { title: 'test' } } }) # => => #<Elasticsearch::API::Response:0x00007fc95674a550 @response= #<Elastic::Transport::Transport::Response:0x00007fc95674a5c8 @body= {"took"=>223, "timed_out"=>false, "_shards"=>{"total"=>2, "successful"=>2, "skipped"=>0, "failed"=>0}, "hits"=> {"total"=>{"value"=>1, "relation"=>"eq"}, "max_score"=>0.2876821, "hits"=>[{"_index"=>"myindex", "_id"=>"1", "_score"=>0.2876821, "_source"=>{"title"=>"Test"}}]}}, @headers= {"x-elastic-product"=>"Elasticsearch", "content-type"=>"application/json", "content-encoding"=>"gzip", "content-length"=>"188"}, @status=200>>
完整的文档和示例包含在源代码中的 RDoc 注释中,并在线提供,网址为 http://rubydoc.info/gems/elasticsearch-api。
使用自定义客户端编辑
当您想将库与您自己的客户端混合使用时,它必须符合以下契约
- 它响应一个
perform_request(method, path, params, body, headers)
方法, - 该方法返回一个具有
status
、body
和headers
方法的对象。
一个简单的客户端可能看起来像这样(依赖于 active_support
来解析查询参数)
require 'multi_json' require 'faraday' require 'elasticsearch/api' class MySimpleClient include Elasticsearch::API CONNECTION = ::Faraday::Connection.new(url: 'https://127.0.0.1:9200') def perform_request(method, path, params, body, headers = nil) puts "--> #{method.upcase} #{path} #{params} #{body} #{headers}" CONNECTION.run_request \ method.downcase.to_sym, path_with_params(path, params), ( body ? MultiJson.dump(body): nil ), {'Content-Type' => 'application/json'} end private def path_with_params(path, params) return path if params.blank? case params when String "#{path}?#{params}" when Hash "#{path}?#{URI.encode_www_form(params)}" else raise ArgumentError, "Cannot parse params: '#{params}'" end end end client = MySimpleClient.new p client.cluster.health # --> GET _cluster/health {} # => "{"cluster_name":"elasticsearch" ... }" p client.index(index: 'myindex', id: 'custom', body: { title: "Indexing from my client" }) # --> PUT myindex/mytype/custom {} {:title=>"Indexing from my client"} # => "{"ok":true, ... }"
使用 JSON 生成器编辑
与其将 :body
参数作为 Ruby Hash 传递,不如将其作为String 传递,这可能会利用 JSON 生成器,例如 JBuilder 或 Jsonify
require 'jbuilder' query = Jbuilder.encode do |json| json.query do json.match do json.title do json.query 'test 1' json.operator 'and' end end end end client.search(index: 'myindex', body: query) # 2013-06-25 09:56:05 +0200: GET https://127.0.0.1:9200/myindex/_search [status:200, request:0.015s, query:0.011s] # 2013-06-25 09:56:05 +0200: > {"query":{"match":{"title":{"query":"test 1","operator":"and"}}}} # ... # => {"took"=>21, ..., "hits"=>{"total"=>1, "hits"=>[{ "_source"=>{"title"=>"Test 1", ...}}]}}
使用哈希包装器编辑
为了更方便地访问响应属性,您可以将其包装在其中一个Hash“对象访问”包装器中,例如 Hashie::Mash
require 'hashie' response = client.search( index: 'myindex', body: { query: { match: { title: 'test' } }, aggregations: { tags: { terms: { field: 'tags' } } } } ) mash = Hashie::Mash.new(response) mash.hits.hits.first._source.title # => 'Test'
使用自定义 JSON 序列化器编辑
该库默认使用 MultiJson gem,但允许您设置自定义 JSON 库,前提是它使用标准的 load/dump
接口
Elasticsearch::API.settings[:serializer] = JrJackson::Json Elasticsearch::API.serializer.dump({foo: 'bar'}) # => {"foo":"bar"}