从快照恢复
编辑从快照恢复
编辑Elasticsearch 使用快照将数据的副本存储在集群外部。您可以恢复快照以恢复索引和数据流,这些索引和数据流在集群中没有分片的副本。如果数据(索引或数据流)被删除,或者集群成员资格发生更改并且系统中的当前节点不再包含数据的副本,则可能会发生这种情况。
恢复丢失的数据需要您拥有受影响索引和数据流的备份,并且该备份必须足够更新以满足您的用例。请务必在确认这一点后再继续操作。
为了恢复丢失数据的索引和数据流
使用 Kibana
- 登录 Elastic Cloud 控制台。
-
在 Elasticsearch 服务 面板中,单击部署的名称。
如果您的部署名称被禁用,则您的 Kibana 实例可能不健康,在这种情况下,请联系 Elastic 支持。如果您的部署不包含 Kibana,则您只需 先启用它 即可。
-
打开部署的侧边导航菜单(位于左上角的 Elastic 徽标下方),然后转到 Dev Tools > Console。
-
要使用 cat indices API 查看受影响的索引。
resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, health="red", h="index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, health: 'red', h: 'index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", health: "red", h: "index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&health=red&h=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 open red kibana_sample_data_flights open red
上面索引的
红色
健康状态表示这些索引缺少主分片,这意味着它们缺少数据。 -
为了恢复数据,我们需要找到一个包含这两个索引的快照。要查找此类快照,请使用 get snapshot API。
resp = client.snapshot.get( repository="my_repository", snapshot="*", verbose=False, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.get( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: '*', verbose: false ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.get({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "*", verbose: "false", }); console.log(response);
GET _snapshot/my_repository/*?verbose=false
响应将如下所示
{ "snapshots" : [ { "snapshot" : "snapshot-20200617", "uuid" : "dZyPs1HyTwS-cnKdH08EPg", "repository" : "my_repository", "indices" : [ ".apm-agent-configuration", ".apm-custom-link", ".ds-ilm-history-5-2022.06.17-000001", ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", ".geoip_databases", ".kibana-event-log-8.2.2-000001", ".kibana_8.2.2_001", ".kibana_task_manager_8.2.2_001", "kibana_sample_data_ecommerce", "kibana_sample_data_flights", "kibana_sample_data_logs" ], "data_streams" : [ ], "state" : "SUCCESS" } ], "total" : 1, "remaining" : 0 }
- 快照
snapshot-20200617
包含我们要恢复的两个索引。您可能有多个可以从中恢复目标索引的快照。选择最新的快照。 -
现在我们找到了快照,我们将继续进行数据流准备工作以恢复丢失的数据。我们将检查索引元数据以查看是否有任何索引是数据流的一部分
resp = client.indices.get( index="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", features="settings", flat_settings=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.get( index: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', features: 'settings', flat_settings: true ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.get({ index: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", features: "settings", flat_settings: "true", }); console.log(response);
GET kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001?features=settings&flat_settings
响应将如下所示
{ ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001" : { "aliases" : { }, "mappings" : { }, "settings" : { "index.creation_date" : "1658406121699", "index.hidden" : "true", "index.lifecycle.name" : "my-lifecycle-policy", "index.number_of_replicas" : "1", "index.number_of_shards" : "1", "index.provided_name" : ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "index.routing.allocation.include._tier_preference" : "data_hot", "index.uuid" : "HmlFXp6VSu2XbQ-O3hVrwQ", "index.version.created" : "8020299" }, "data_stream" : "my-data-stream" }, "kibana_sample_data_flights" : { "aliases" : { }, "mappings" : { }, "settings" : { "index.creation_date" : "1655121541454", "index.number_of_replicas" : "0", "index.number_of_shards" : "1", "index.provided_name" : "kibana_sample_data_flights", "index.routing.allocation.include._tier_preference" : "data_content", "index.uuid" : "jMOlwKPPSzSraeeBWyuoDA", "index.version.created" : "8020299" } } }
上面的响应显示
kibana_sample_data_flights
不是数据流的一部分,因为它在设置中没有名为data_stream
的字段。相反,
.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001
是名为my-data-stream
的数据流的一部分。当您找到这样的属于数据流的索引时,您需要检查数据是否仍在编制索引。您可以通过检查settings
来查看,如果您能找到此属性:"index.lifecycle.indexing_complete" : "true"
,则表示此索引中的索引编制已完成,您可以继续执行下一步。如果
index.lifecycle.indexing_complete
不存在或配置为false
,则需要滚动数据流,以便您可以恢复丢失的数据,而不会阻止新数据的摄取。以下命令将实现此目的。resp = client.indices.rollover( alias="my-data-stream", ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.rollover( alias: 'my-data-stream' ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.rollover({ alias: "my-data-stream", }); console.log(response);
POST my-data-stream/_rollover
-
现在数据流准备工作已完成,我们将使用 close indices API 关闭目标索引。
resp = client.indices.close( index="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.close( index: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001' ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.close({ index: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", }); console.log(response);
POST kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001/_close
您可以使用 cat indices API 确认它们已关闭。
resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, health="red", h="index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, health: 'red', h: 'index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", health: "red", h: "index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&health=red&h=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 close red kibana_sample_data_flights close red
-
索引已关闭,现在我们可以使用 restore snapshot API 从快照中恢复它们,而不会造成任何并发症
resp = client.snapshot.restore( repository="my_repository", snapshot="snapshot-20200617", indices="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.restore( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: 'snapshot-20200617', body: { indices: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', include_aliases: true } ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.restore({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "snapshot-20200617", indices: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases: true, }); console.log(response);
POST _snapshot/my_repository/snapshot-20200617/_restore { "indices": "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "include_aliases": true }
如果需要恢复任何 功能状态,我们将需要使用
feature_states
字段指定它们,并且属于我们要恢复的功能状态的索引不得在indices
下指定。 Health API 返回需要从快照恢复诊断中恢复的indices
和feature_states
。例如:resp = client.snapshot.restore( repository="my_repository", snapshot="snapshot-20200617", feature_states=[ "geoip" ], indices="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.restore( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: 'snapshot-20200617', body: { feature_states: [ 'geoip' ], indices: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', include_aliases: true } ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.restore({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "snapshot-20200617", feature_states: ["geoip"], indices: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases: true, }); console.log(response);
POST _snapshot/my_repository/snapshot-20200617/_restore { "feature_states": [ "geoip" ], "indices": "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "include_aliases": true }
-
最后,我们可以通过 cat indices API 验证索引的健康状况现在是否为
绿色
。resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, index=".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, index: '.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", index: ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&index=.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 open green kibana_sample_data_flights open green
如上所示,索引为
绿色
且已打开。问题已解决。
有关创建和恢复快照的更多指导,请参阅 本指南。
为了恢复缺少分片的索引
-
使用 cat indices API 查看受影响的索引。
resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, health="red", h="index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, health: 'red', h: 'index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", health: "red", h: "index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&health=red&h=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 open red kibana_sample_data_flights open red
上面索引的
红色
健康状态表示这些索引缺少主分片,这意味着它们缺少数据。 -
为了恢复数据,我们需要找到一个包含这两个索引的快照。要查找此类快照,请使用 get snapshot API。
resp = client.snapshot.get( repository="my_repository", snapshot="*", verbose=False, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.get( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: '*', verbose: false ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.get({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "*", verbose: "false", }); console.log(response);
GET _snapshot/my_repository/*?verbose=false
响应将如下所示
{ "snapshots" : [ { "snapshot" : "snapshot-20200617", "uuid" : "dZyPs1HyTwS-cnKdH08EPg", "repository" : "my_repository", "indices" : [ ".apm-agent-configuration", ".apm-custom-link", ".ds-ilm-history-5-2022.06.17-000001", ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", ".geoip_databases", ".kibana-event-log-8.2.2-000001", ".kibana_8.2.2_001", ".kibana_task_manager_8.2.2_001", "kibana_sample_data_ecommerce", "kibana_sample_data_flights", "kibana_sample_data_logs" ], "data_streams" : [ ], "state" : "SUCCESS" } ], "total" : 1, "remaining" : 0 }
- 快照
snapshot-20200617
包含我们要恢复的两个索引。您可能有多个可以从中恢复目标索引的快照。选择最新的快照。 -
现在我们找到了快照,我们将继续进行数据流准备工作以恢复丢失的数据。我们将检查索引元数据以查看是否有任何索引是数据流的一部分
resp = client.indices.get( index="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", features="settings", flat_settings=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.get( index: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', features: 'settings', flat_settings: true ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.get({ index: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", features: "settings", flat_settings: "true", }); console.log(response);
GET kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001?features=settings&flat_settings
响应将如下所示
{ ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001" : { "aliases" : { }, "mappings" : { }, "settings" : { "index.creation_date" : "1658406121699", "index.hidden" : "true", "index.lifecycle.name" : "my-lifecycle-policy", "index.number_of_replicas" : "1", "index.number_of_shards" : "1", "index.provided_name" : ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "index.routing.allocation.include._tier_preference" : "data_hot", "index.uuid" : "HmlFXp6VSu2XbQ-O3hVrwQ", "index.version.created" : "8020299" }, "data_stream" : "my-data-stream" }, "kibana_sample_data_flights" : { "aliases" : { }, "mappings" : { }, "settings" : { "index.creation_date" : "1655121541454", "index.number_of_replicas" : "0", "index.number_of_shards" : "1", "index.provided_name" : "kibana_sample_data_flights", "index.routing.allocation.include._tier_preference" : "data_content", "index.uuid" : "jMOlwKPPSzSraeeBWyuoDA", "index.version.created" : "8020299" } } }
上面的响应显示
kibana_sample_data_flights
不是数据流的一部分,因为它在设置中没有名为data_stream
的字段。相反,
.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001
是名为my-data-stream
的数据流的一部分。当您找到这样的属于数据流的索引时,您需要检查数据是否仍在编制索引。您可以通过检查settings
来查看,如果您能找到此属性:"index.lifecycle.indexing_complete" : "true"
,则表示此索引中的索引编制已完成,您可以继续执行下一步。如果
index.lifecycle.indexing_complete
不存在或配置为false
,则需要滚动数据流,以便您可以恢复丢失的数据,而不会阻止新数据的摄取。以下命令将实现此目的。resp = client.indices.rollover( alias="my-data-stream", ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.rollover( alias: 'my-data-stream' ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.rollover({ alias: "my-data-stream", }); console.log(response);
POST my-data-stream/_rollover
-
现在数据流准备工作已完成,我们将使用 close indices API 关闭目标索引。
resp = client.indices.close( index="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", ) print(resp)
response = client.indices.close( index: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001' ) puts response
const response = await client.indices.close({ index: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", }); console.log(response);
POST kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001/_close
您可以使用 cat indices API 确认它们已关闭。
resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, health="red", h="index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, health: 'red', h: 'index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", health: "red", h: "index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&health=red&h=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 close red kibana_sample_data_flights close red
-
索引已关闭,现在我们可以使用 restore snapshot API 从快照中恢复它们,而不会造成任何并发症
resp = client.snapshot.restore( repository="my_repository", snapshot="snapshot-20200617", indices="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.restore( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: 'snapshot-20200617', body: { indices: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', include_aliases: true } ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.restore({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "snapshot-20200617", indices: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases: true, }); console.log(response);
POST _snapshot/my_repository/snapshot-20200617/_restore { "indices": "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "include_aliases": true }
如果需要恢复任何 功能状态,我们将需要使用
feature_states
字段指定它们,并且属于我们要恢复的功能状态的索引不得在indices
下指定。 Health API 返回需要从快照恢复诊断中恢复的indices
和feature_states
。例如:resp = client.snapshot.restore( repository="my_repository", snapshot="snapshot-20200617", feature_states=[ "geoip" ], indices="kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases=True, ) print(resp)
response = client.snapshot.restore( repository: 'my_repository', snapshot: 'snapshot-20200617', body: { feature_states: [ 'geoip' ], indices: 'kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001', include_aliases: true } ) puts response
const response = await client.snapshot.restore({ repository: "my_repository", snapshot: "snapshot-20200617", feature_states: ["geoip"], indices: "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", include_aliases: true, }); console.log(response);
POST _snapshot/my_repository/snapshot-20200617/_restore { "feature_states": [ "geoip" ], "indices": "kibana_sample_data_flights,.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001", "include_aliases": true }
-
最后,我们可以通过 cat indices API 验证索引的健康状况现在是否为
绿色
。resp = client.cat.indices( v=True, index=".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health", ) print(resp)
response = client.cat.indices( v: true, index: '.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health' ) puts response
const response = await client.cat.indices({ v: "true", index: ".ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health", }); console.log(response);
GET _cat/indices?v&index=.ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001,kibana_sample_data_flightsh=index,status,health
响应将如下所示
index status health .ds-my-data-stream-2022.06.17-000001 open green kibana_sample_data_flights open green
如上所示,索引为
绿色
且已打开。问题已解决。
有关创建和恢复快照的更多指导,请参阅 本指南。