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字段提取

字段提取的目标很简单：您的数据中包含大量信息的字段，但您只想提取部分内容。

您可以使用两种方法

Grok 是一种正则表达式方言，支持可重复使用的别名表达式。由于 Grok 基于正则表达式 (regex)，因此任何正则表达式在 Grok 中也都是有效的。
Dissect 使用分隔符定义匹配模式，从文本中提取结构化字段。与 Grok 不同，Dissect 不使用正则表达式。

让我们从一个简单的例子开始，将@timestamp 和 message 字段作为索引字段添加到 my-index 映射中。为了保持灵活性，请对 message 使用 wildcard 作为字段类型。

resp = client.indices.create(
    index="my-index",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "@timestamp": {
                "format": "strict_date_optional_time||epoch_second",
                "type": "date"
            },
            "message": {
                "type": "wildcard"
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'my-index',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        "@timestamp": {
          format: 'strict_date_optional_time||epoch_second',
          type: 'date'
        },
        message: {
          type: 'wildcard'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.indices.create({
  index: "my-index",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      "@timestamp": {
        format: "strict_date_optional_time||epoch_second",
        type: "date",
      },
      message: {
        type: "wildcard",
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

PUT /my-index/
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "@timestamp": {
        "format": "strict_date_optional_time||epoch_second",
        "type": "date"
      },
      "message": {
        "type": "wildcard"
      }
    }
  }
}

映射完要检索的字段后，将日志数据中的几个记录索引到 Elasticsearch 中。以下请求使用批量 API 将原始日志数据索引到 my-index 中。您可以使用少量样本数据来试验运行时字段，而无需索引所有日志数据。

resp = client.bulk(
    index="my-index",
    refresh=True,
    operations=[
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:30:17-05:00",
            "message": "40.135.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:17 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:30:53-05:00",
            "message": "232.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:53 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:31:12-05:00",
            "message": "26.1.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:12 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:31:19-05:00",
            "message": "247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:19 -0500] \"GET /french/splash_inet.html HTTP/1.0\" 200 3781"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:31:22-05:00",
            "message": "247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 304 0"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:31:27-05:00",
            "message": "252.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:27 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "timestamp": "2020-04-30T14:31:28-05:00",
            "message": "not a valid apache log"
        }
    ],
)
print(resp)

response = client.bulk(
  index: 'my-index',
  refresh: true,
  body: [
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:30:17-05:00',
      message: '40.135.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:17 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:30:53-05:00',
      message: '232.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:53 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:31:12-05:00',
      message: '26.1.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:12 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:31:19-05:00',
      message: '247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:19 -0500] "GET /french/splash_inet.html HTTP/1.0" 200 3781'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:31:22-05:00',
      message: '247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] "GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 304 0'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:31:27-05:00',
      message: '252.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:27 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      timestamp: '2020-04-30T14:31:28-05:00',
      message: 'not a valid apache log'
    }
  ]
)
puts response

const response = await client.bulk({
  index: "my-index",
  refresh: "true",
  operations: [
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:30:17-05:00",
      message:
        '40.135.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:17 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:30:53-05:00",
      message:
        '232.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:53 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:31:12-05:00",
      message:
        '26.1.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:12 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:31:19-05:00",
      message:
        '247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:19 -0500] "GET /french/splash_inet.html HTTP/1.0" 200 3781',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:31:22-05:00",
      message:
        '247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] "GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 304 0',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:31:27-05:00",
      message:
        '252.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:27 -0500] "GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0" 200 24736',
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      timestamp: "2020-04-30T14:31:28-05:00",
      message: "not a valid apache log",
    },
  ],
});
console.log(response);

POST /my-index/_bulk?refresh
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:30:17-05:00","message":"40.135.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:17 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:30:53-05:00","message":"232.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:53 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:31:12-05:00","message":"26.1.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:12 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:31:19-05:00","message":"247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:19 -0500] \"GET /french/splash_inet.html HTTP/1.0\" 200 3781"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:31:22-05:00","message":"247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 304 0"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:31:27-05:00","message":"252.0.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:27 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"}
{"index":{}}
{"timestamp":"2020-04-30T14:31:28-05:00","message":"not a valid apache log"}

从日志消息中提取 IP 地址 (Grok)

编辑

如果要检索包含 clientip 的结果，可以将其作为运行时字段添加到映射中。以下运行时脚本定义了一个 Grok 模式，用于从 message 字段中提取结构化字段。

该脚本匹配 %{COMMONAPACHELOG} 日志模式，该模式理解 Apache 日志的结构。如果模式匹配 (clientip != null)，则脚本会发出匹配的 IP 地址的值。如果模式不匹配，则脚本只会返回字段值而不会崩溃。

resp = client.indices.put_mapping(
    index="my-index",
    runtime={
        "http.clientip": {
            "type": "ip",
            "script": "\n        String clientip=grok('%{COMMONAPACHELOG}').extract(doc[\"message\"].value)?.clientip;\n        if (clientip != null) emit(clientip); \n      "
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

const response = await client.indices.putMapping({
  index: "my-index",
  runtime: {
    "http.clientip": {
      type: "ip",
      script:
        "\n        String clientip=grok('%{COMMONAPACHELOG}').extract(doc[\"message\"].value)?.clientip;\n        if (clientip != null) emit(clientip); \n      ",
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

PUT my-index/_mappings
{
  "runtime": {
    "http.clientip": {
      "type": "ip",
      "script": """
        String clientip=grok('%{COMMONAPACHELOG}').extract(doc["message"].value)?.clientip;
        if (clientip != null) emit(clientip); 
      """
    }
  }
}

此条件确保即使消息的模式不匹配，脚本也不会发出任何内容。

您可以定义一个简单的查询来搜索特定 IP 地址并返回所有相关字段。使用搜索 API 的 fields 参数检索 http.clientip 运行时字段。

resp = client.search(
    index="my-index",
    query={
        "match": {
            "http.clientip": "40.135.0.0"
        }
    },
    fields=[
        "http.clientip"
    ],
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my-index',
  body: {
    query: {
      match: {
        'http.clientip' => '40.135.0.0'
      }
    },
    fields: [
      'http.clientip'
    ]
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my-index",
  query: {
    match: {
      "http.clientip": "40.135.0.0",
    },
  },
  fields: ["http.clientip"],
});
console.log(response);

GET my-index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "http.clientip": "40.135.0.0"
    }
  },
  "fields" : ["http.clientip"]
}

响应包含 http.clientip 值匹配 40.135.0.0 的文档。

{
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "my-index",
        "_id" : "Rq-ex3gBA_A0V6dYGLQ7",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "timestamp" : "2020-04-30T14:30:17-05:00",
          "message" : "40.135.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:30:17 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_bg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 200 24736"
        },
        "fields" : {
          "http.clientip" : [
            "40.135.0.0"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

解析字符串以提取字段的一部分 (Dissect)

编辑

您可以只定义一个 dissect 模式来包含要丢弃的字符串部分，而不是像上一个示例那样匹配日志模式。

例如，本节开头的日志数据包含一个 message 字段。此字段包含几部分数据。

"message" : "247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 304 0"

您可以在运行时字段中定义一个 dissect 模式来提取 HTTP 响应代码，在上一个示例中为 304。

resp = client.indices.put_mapping(
    index="my-index",
    runtime={
        "http.response": {
            "type": "long",
            "script": "\n        String response=dissect('%{clientip} %{ident} %{auth} [%{@timestamp}] \"%{verb} %{request} HTTP/%{httpversion}\" %{response} %{size}').extract(doc[\"message\"].value)?.response;\n        if (response != null) emit(Integer.parseInt(response));\n      "
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

const response = await client.indices.putMapping({
  index: "my-index",
  runtime: {
    "http.response": {
      type: "long",
      script:
        '\n        String response=dissect(\'%{clientip} %{ident} %{auth} [%{@timestamp}] "%{verb} %{request} HTTP/%{httpversion}" %{response} %{size}\').extract(doc["message"].value)?.response;\n        if (response != null) emit(Integer.parseInt(response));\n      ',
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

PUT my-index/_mappings
{
  "runtime": {
    "http.response": {
      "type": "long",
      "script": """
        String response=dissect('%{clientip} %{ident} %{auth} [%{@timestamp}] "%{verb} %{request} HTTP/%{httpversion}" %{response} %{size}').extract(doc["message"].value)?.response;
        if (response != null) emit(Integer.parseInt(response));
      """
    }
  }
}

然后，您可以运行查询以使用 http.response 运行时字段检索特定的 HTTP 响应。

resp = client.search(
    index="my-index",
    query={
        "match": {
            "http.response": "304"
        }
    },
    fields=[
        "http.response"
    ],
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my-index',
  body: {
    query: {
      match: {
        'http.response' => '304'
      }
    },
    fields: [
      'http.response'
    ]
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my-index",
  query: {
    match: {
      "http.response": "304",
    },
  },
  fields: ["http.response"],
});
console.log(response);

GET my-index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "http.response": "304"
    }
  },
  "fields" : ["http.response"]
}

响应包含 HTTP 响应为 304 的单个文档。

{
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "my-index",
        "_id" : "Sq-ex3gBA_A0V6dYGLQ7",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "timestamp" : "2020-04-30T14:31:22-05:00",
          "message" : "247.37.0.0 - - [30/Apr/2020:14:31:22 -0500] \"GET /images/hm_nbg.jpg HTTP/1.0\" 304 0"
        },
        "fields" : {
          "http.response" : [
            304
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

按分隔符拆分字段中的值 (Dissect)

编辑

假设您想像上一个示例那样提取字段的一部分，但要按特定值拆分。您可以使用 dissect 模式仅提取所需的信息，并以特定格式返回该数据。

例如，假设您有 Elasticsearch 中的以下格式的垃圾收集 (gc) 日志数据：

[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K

您只想提取 used、capacity 和 committed 数据以及关联的值。让我们索引一些包含日志数据的文档作为示例。

resp = client.bulk(
    index="my-index",
    refresh=True,
    operations=[
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 15255K, capacity 16726K, committed 16844K, reserved 1048576K"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 115409K, capacity 119541K, committed 120248K, reserved 1153024K"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 14503K, capacity 15894K, committed 15948K, reserved 1048576K"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 107719K, capacity 111775K, committed 112724K, reserved 1146880K"
        },
        {
            "index": {}
        },
        {
            "gc": "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]  class space  used 266K, capacity 367K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K"
        }
    ],
)
print(resp)

response = client.bulk(
  index: 'my-index',
  refresh: true,
  body: [
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 15255K, capacity 16726K, committed 16844K, reserved 1048576K'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 115409K, capacity 119541K, committed 120248K, reserved 1153024K'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 14503K, capacity 15894K, committed 15948K, reserved 1048576K'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 107719K, capacity 111775K, committed 112724K, reserved 1146880K'
    },
    {
      index: {}
    },
    {
      gc: '[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]  class space  used 266K, capacity 367K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K'
    }
  ]
)
puts response

const response = await client.bulk({
  index: "my-index",
  refresh: "true",
  operations: [
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K",
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 15255K, capacity 16726K, committed 16844K, reserved 1048576K",
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 115409K, capacity 119541K, committed 120248K, reserved 1153024K",
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 14503K, capacity 15894K, committed 15948K, reserved 1048576K",
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 107719K, capacity 111775K, committed 112724K, reserved 1146880K",
    },
    {
      index: {},
    },
    {
      gc: "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]  class space  used 266K, capacity 367K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K",
    },
  ],
});
console.log(response);

POST /my-index/_bulk?refresh
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K"}
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 15255K, capacity 16726K, committed 16844K, reserved 1048576K"}
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-03-24T20:27:24.184+0000][90239][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 115409K, capacity 119541K, committed 120248K, reserved 1153024K"}
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 14503K, capacity 15894K, committed 15948K, reserved 1048576K"}
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-04-19T15:03:21.735+0000][84408][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace       used 107719K, capacity 111775K, committed 112724K, reserved 1146880K"}
{"index":{}}
{"gc": "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]  class space  used 266K, capacity 367K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K"}

再次查看数据，可以看到一个时间戳、一些您不感兴趣的其他数据，然后是 used、capacity 和 committed 数据。

[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K

您可以为 gc 字段中数据的每一部分分配变量，然后只返回所需的部分。花括号 {} 中的任何内容都被视为变量。例如，变量 [%{@timestamp}][%{code}][%{desc}] 将匹配前三段数据，所有这些数据都在方括号 [] 中。

[%{@timestamp}][%{code}][%{desc}]  %{ident} used %{usize}, capacity %{csize}, committed %{comsize}, reserved %{rsize}

您的 dissect 模式可以包含 used、capacity 和 committed 术语，而无需使用变量，因为您想要准确返回这些术语。您还可以为要返回的值分配变量，例如 %{usize}、%{csize} 和 %{comsize}。日志数据中的分隔符是逗号，因此您的 dissect 模式也需要使用该分隔符。

现在您有了 dissect 模式，可以将其作为运行时字段的一部分包含在 Painless 脚本中。该脚本使用您的 dissect 模式拆分 gc 字段，然后准确返回您通过 emit 方法定义的信息。由于 dissect 使用简单的语法，您只需要告诉它您想要什么。

以下模式告诉 dissect 返回术语 used、一个空格、来自 gc.usize 的值和一个逗号。此模式对您要检索的其他数据重复。虽然此模式在生产环境中可能不太有用，但它提供了很大的灵活性来试验和处理您的数据。在生产环境中，您可能只想使用 emit(gc.usize)，然后根据该值聚合或将其用于计算。

emit("used" + ' ' + gc.usize + ', ' + "capacity" + ' ' + gc.csize + ', ' + "committed" + ' ' + gc.comsize)

总而言之，您可以在搜索请求中创建一个名为 gc_size 的运行时字段。使用 fields 选项，您可以检索 gc_size 运行时字段的所有值。此查询还包括一个桶聚合来分组您的数据。

resp = client.search(
    index="my-index",
    runtime_mappings={
        "gc_size": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "script": "\n        Map gc=dissect('[%{@timestamp}][%{code}][%{desc}]  %{ident} used %{usize}, capacity %{csize}, committed %{comsize}, reserved %{rsize}').extract(doc[\"gc.keyword\"].value);\n        if (gc != null) emit(\"used\" + ' ' + gc.usize + ', ' + \"capacity\" + ' ' + gc.csize + ', ' + \"committed\" + ' ' + gc.comsize);\n      "
        }
    },
    size=1,
    aggs={
        "sizes": {
            "terms": {
                "field": "gc_size",
                "size": 10
            }
        }
    },
    fields=[
        "gc_size"
    ],
)
print(resp)

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my-index",
  runtime_mappings: {
    gc_size: {
      type: "keyword",
      script:
        "\n        Map gc=dissect('[%{@timestamp}][%{code}][%{desc}]  %{ident} used %{usize}, capacity %{csize}, committed %{comsize}, reserved %{rsize}').extract(doc[\"gc.keyword\"].value);\n        if (gc != null) emit(\"used\" + ' ' + gc.usize + ', ' + \"capacity\" + ' ' + gc.csize + ', ' + \"committed\" + ' ' + gc.comsize);\n      ",
    },
  },
  size: 1,
  aggs: {
    sizes: {
      terms: {
        field: "gc_size",
        size: 10,
      },
    },
  },
  fields: ["gc_size"],
});
console.log(response);

GET my-index/_search
{
  "runtime_mappings": {
    "gc_size": {
      "type": "keyword",
      "script": """
        Map gc=dissect('[%{@timestamp}][%{code}][%{desc}]  %{ident} used %{usize}, capacity %{csize}, committed %{comsize}, reserved %{rsize}').extract(doc["gc.keyword"].value);
        if (gc != null) emit("used" + ' ' + gc.usize + ', ' + "capacity" + ' ' + gc.csize + ', ' + "committed" + ' ' + gc.comsize);
      """
    }
  },
  "size": 1,
  "aggs": {
    "sizes": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "gc_size",
        "size": 10
      }
    }
  },
  "fields" : ["gc_size"]
}

响应包含来自 gc_size 字段的数据，其格式与您在 dissect 模式中定义的完全相同！

{
  "took" : 2,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 6,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "my-index",
        "_id" : "GXx3H3kBKGE42WRNlddJ",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "gc" : "[2021-04-27T16:16:34.699+0000][82460][gc,heap,exit]   class space    used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K, reserved 1048576K"
        },
        "fields" : {
          "gc_size" : [
            "used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations" : {
    "sizes" : {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound" : 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count" : 0,
      "buckets" : [
        {
          "key" : "used 107719K, capacity 111775K, committed 112724K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "used 115409K, capacity 119541K, committed 120248K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "used 14503K, capacity 15894K, committed 15948K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "used 15255K, capacity 16726K, committed 16844K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "used 266K, capacity 367K, committed 384K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "used 266K, capacity 384K, committed 384K",
          "doc_count" : 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

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