步骤 4:运行后端应用程序
编辑步骤 4:运行后端应用程序
编辑下一步是运行后端应用程序。为此,请执行以下操作
- 创建 API 密钥以验证后端应用程序的身份。
- 在 Linux 或 Kubernetes 上运行应用程序。
创建 API 密钥
编辑收集器和符号器都需要向 Elasticsearch 验证身份以处理性能分析数据。为此,你需要为每个应用程序创建一个 API 密钥。
请参阅 创建 API 密钥,使用 Kibana 创建 API 密钥。选择用户 API 密钥并在控制安全权限下分配以下权限
{ "profiling": { "cluster": [ "monitor" ], "indices": [ { "names": [ "profiling-*" ], "privileges": [ "read", "write" ] } ] } }
存储 API 密钥的“编码”版本,因为你需要它们来运行通用性能分析后端。继续查看在 Linux 上运行或在 Kubernetes 上运行,了解有关运行后端应用程序的信息。
在 Linux 上运行
编辑在 Linux 上运行后端应用程序之前,我们建议创建配置文件来管理应用程序。也支持 CLI 标志,但它们可能会导致后端应用程序的管理更加复杂。
使用以下选项之一安装后端应用程序
- 操作系统软件包 (DEB/RPM)
- OCI 容器
- 二进制:使用你选择的配置管理系统(Ansible、Puppet、Chef、Salt 等)进行编排
创建配置文件
编辑配置文件采用 YAML 格式,由两个顶级部分组成:“application”部分和“output”部分。
“application”部分包含后端应用程序的配置,“output”部分包含连接到读取和发送数据的配置。“application”部分以二进制文件的名称命名。“output”部分当前仅支持 Elasticsearch。
从以下默认位置读取配置文件
- 收集器:
/etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml
- 符号器:
/etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml
你可以通过在使用应用程序时使用 -c
标志来自定义配置文件的位置。
为了简单起见,我们将在下面的示例中使用默认位置。我们还会显示默认的应用程序设置;你可以参考 YAML 中的注释来了解如何自定义它们。
将下面代码片段的内容复制到 /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml
文件中。
使用你选择的密钥令牌自定义 pf-elastic-collector.auth.secret_token
的内容。通用性能分析代理将使用此令牌向收集器进行身份验证;你不能使用空字符串作为令牌。如果要使用 TLS 保护收集器的端点,请调整 ssl
部分。
使用 Elasticsearch 端点和API 密钥自定义 output.elasticsearch
部分的内容,以分别设置 hosts
和 api_key
值。根据需要调整 protocol
值和其他 TLS 相关设置。
收集器配置文件
pf-elastic-collector: # Defines the host and port the server is listening on. host: "0.0.0.0:8260" # Verbose log output option. #verbose: true # Configure metrics exposition. Both expvar and Prometheus formats are supported. Both can be # configured at the same time. By default, no metrics are exposed. # 'prometheus_host' can only be configured with a 'host:port' pair. # 'expvar_host' can be configured either with a 'host:port' pair or with a Unix Domain Socket path (with a 'unix://' prefix). # When host:port is used, an HTTP server is exposed. The server does not support TLS. # An empty value disables metrics exposition for the corresponding format. #metrics: # prometheus_host: 'localhost:9090' # expvar_host: unix:///tmp/collector-metrics.sock # Define the suggested upper limit of memory that pf-elastic-collector should apply. Using a lower # amount of memory might trigger garbage collection more often. #memory_limit: 500M # Agent authorization configuration. If no methods are defined, all requests will be allowed. auth: # Define a shared secret token for authorizing agents. secret_token: "" # Controls storage of Universal Profiling agent metrics/metadata to the customer's cluster and to a # cluster controlled by Elastic. By default, the full set of metrics and metadata is written to # an Elastic-controlled cluster, and a subset of metrics and metadata to the customer # cluster. These are used to monitor agent health and debug/resolve issues. agent_metrics: # Do not write Universal Profiling agent metrics/metadata to a centralized (non-customer controlled) # cluster. This does not affect writing metrics/metadata to the customer cluster. #disable: false # Write full set of Universal Profiling agent metrics to the customer ES cluster. If false, which # is the default, only a limited set of CPU usage and I/O metrics will be written. #write_all: false # Enable secure communication between pf-host-agent and pf-elastic-collector. ssl: enabled: false # Path to file containing the certificate for server authentication. # Needs to be configured when ssl is enabled. #certificate: '' # Path to file containing server certificate key. # Needs to be configured when ssl is enabled. #key: '' # Optional configuration options for ssl communication. # Passphrase for decrypting the Certificate Key. # It is recommended to use the provided keystore instead of entering the passphrase in plain text. #key_passphrase: '' # List of supported/valid protocol versions. By default TLS versions 1.3 is enabled. #supported_protocols: [TLSv1.3] # Configure cipher suites to be used for SSL connections. # Note that cipher suites are not configurable for TLS 1.3. #cipher_suites: [] # Configure curve types for ECDHE based cipher suites. #curve_types: [] #================================ Outputs ================================= # Configure the output to use when sending the data collected by pf-elastic-collector. #-------------------------- Elasticsearch output -------------------------- output: elasticsearch: # Array of hosts to connect to. # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (`http` and `9200`). # In case you specify an additional path, the scheme is required: `https://127.0.0.1:9200/path`. # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: `https://[2001:db8::1]:9200`. hosts: ["localhost:9200"] # Set gzip compression level. #compression_level: 0 # Protocol - either `http` (default) or `https`. protocol: "https" # Authentication credentials - either API key or username/password. #api_key: "id:api_key" # Optional HTTP Path. #path: "/elasticsearch" # Proxy server url. #proxy_url: http://proxy:3128 # The number of times a particular Elasticsearch index operation is attempted. If # the indexing operation doesn't succeed after this many retries, the events are # dropped. The default is 3. #max_retries: 3 # Enable custom SSL settings. Set to false to ignore custom SSL settings for secure communication. #ssl.enabled: true # Optional SSL configuration options. SSL is off by default, change the `protocol` option if you want to enable `https`. # # Control the verification of Elasticsearch certificates. Valid values are: # * full, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a trusted # authority (CA) and also verifies that the server's hostname (or IP address) # matches the names identified within the certificate. # * strict, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a trusted # authority (CA) and also verifies that the server's hostname (or IP address) # matches the names identified within the certificate. If the Subject Alternative # Name is empty, it returns an error. # * certificate, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a # trusted authority (CA), but does not perform any hostname verification. # * none, which performs no verification of the server's certificate. This # mode disables many of the security benefits of SSL/TLS and should only be used # after very careful consideration. It is primarily intended as a temporary # diagnostic mechanism when attempting to resolve TLS errors; its use in # production environments is strongly discouraged. #ssl.verification_mode: full # List of supported/valid TLS versions. By default all TLS versions 1.0 up to # 1.2 are enabled. #ssl.supported_protocols: [TLSv1.0, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2] # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications. #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"] # Certificate for SSL client authentication. #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem" # Client Certificate Key #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key" # Optional passphrase for decrypting the Certificate Key. # It is recommended to use the provided keystore instead of entering the passphrase in plain text. #ssl.key_passphrase: '' # Configure cipher suites to be used for SSL connections. #ssl.cipher_suites: [] # Configure curve types for ECDHE based cipher suites. #ssl.curve_types: [] # Configure what types of renegotiation are supported. Valid options are # never, once, and freely. Default is never. #ssl.renegotiation: never
将下面代码片段的内容复制到 /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml
文件中。
你无需自定义 pf-elastic-symbolizer
部分中的任何值。如果要使用 TLS 保护符号器的端点,请调整 ssl
部分。
使用 Elasticsearch 端点和API 密钥自定义 output.elasticsearch
部分的内容,以分别设置 hosts
和 api_key
值。根据需要调整 protocol
值和其他 TLS 相关设置。
符号器配置文件
pf-elastic-symbolizer: # Defines the host and port the server is listening on. host: "0.0.0.0:8240" # Endpoint for the service to connect to and query for software packages. # Do not set this value unless you are running a local instance of the debug symbols mirror. endpoint: "" # Verbose log output option. (default: false) #verbose: true # Configure metrics exposition. Both expvar and Prometheus formats are supported. Both can be # configured at the same time. By default, no metrics are exposed. # 'prometheus_host' can only be configured with a 'host:port' pair. # 'expvar_host' can be configured either with a 'host:port' pair or with a Unix Domain Socket path (with a 'unix://' prefix). # When host:port is used, an HTTP server is exposed. The server does not support TLS. # An empty value disables metrics exposition for the corresponding format. #metrics: # prometheus_host: 'localhost:9090' # expvar_host: unix:///tmp/collector-metrics.sock # Define the suggested upper limit of memory that pf-elastic-symbolizer should apply. Using a lower # amount of memory might trigger garbage collection more often. (default: 200MB) #memory_limit: 500M # Enable secure communication between symbtool and pf-elastic-symbolizer. ssl: enabled: false # Path to file containing the certificate for server authentication. # Needs to be configured when ssl is enabled. #certificate: '' # Path to file containing server certificate key. # Needs to be configured when ssl is enabled. #key: '' # Optional configuration options for ssl communication. # Passphrase for decrypting the Certificate Key. # It is recommended to use the provided keystore instead of entering the passphrase in plain text. #key_passphrase: '' # List of supported/valid protocol versions. By default TLS versions 1.1 up to 1.3 are enabled. #supported_protocols: [TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2, TLSv1.3] # Configure cipher suites to be used for SSL connections. # Note that cipher suites are not configurable for TLS 1.3. #cipher_suites: [] # Configure curve types for ECDHE based cipher suites. #curve_types: [] #================================ Outputs ================================= # Configure the output to use when sending the data collected by pf-elastic-symbolizer. #-------------------------- Elasticsearch output -------------------------- output: elasticsearch: # Array of hosts to connect to. # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (`http` and `9200`). # In case you specify an additional path, the scheme is required: `https://127.0.0.1:9200/path`. # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: `https://[2001:db8::1]:9200`. hosts: ["localhost:9200"] # Set gzip compression level. #compression_level: 0 # Protocol - either `http` (default) or `https`. protocol: "https" # Authentication credentials - either API key or username/password. #api_key: "id:api_key" # Optional HTTP Path. #path: "/elasticsearch" # Proxy server url. #proxy_url: http://proxy:3128 # The number of times a particular Elasticsearch index operation is attempted. If # the indexing operation doesn't succeed after this many retries, the events are # dropped. The default is 3. #max_retries: 3 # Enable custom SSL settings. Set to false to ignore custom SSL settings for secure communication. #ssl.enabled: true # Optional SSL configuration options. SSL is off by default, change the `protocol` option if you want to enable `https`. # # Control the verification of Elasticsearch certificates. Valid values are: # * full, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a trusted # authority (CA) and also verifies that the server's hostname (or IP address) # matches the names identified within the certificate. # * strict, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a trusted # authority (CA) and also verifies that the server's hostname (or IP address) # matches the names identified within the certificate. If the Subject Alternative # Name is empty, it returns an error. # * certificate, which verifies that the provided certificate is signed by a # trusted authority (CA), but does not perform any hostname verification. # * none, which performs no verification of the server's certificate. This # mode disables many of the security benefits of SSL/TLS and should only be used # after very careful consideration. It is primarily intended as a temporary # diagnostic mechanism when attempting to resolve TLS errors; its use in # production environments is strongly discouraged. #ssl.verification_mode: full # List of supported/valid TLS versions. By default all TLS versions 1.0 up to # 1.2 are enabled. #ssl.supported_protocols: [TLSv1.0, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2] # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications. #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"] # Certificate for SSL client authentication. #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem" # Client Certificate Key #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key" # Optional passphrase for decrypting the Certificate Key. # It is recommended to use the provided keystore instead of entering the passphrase in plain text. #ssl.key_passphrase: '' # Configure cipher suites to be used for SSL connections. #ssl.cipher_suites: [] # Configure curve types for ECDHE based cipher suites. #ssl.curve_types: [] # Configure what types of renegotiation are supported. Valid options are # never, once, and freely. Default is never. #ssl.renegotiation: never
操作系统软件包 (DEB/RPM)
编辑按照以下步骤使用操作系统软件包安装后端。
-
配置 APT 存储库
wget -qO - https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add - sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/8.x/apt stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-8.x.list
-
安装软件包
sudo apt update sudo apt install -y pf-elastic-collector pf-elastic-symbolizer
对于 RPM 软件包,请配置 YUM 存储库并安装软件包
-
下载并安装公共签名密钥
sudo rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
-
在
/etc/yum.repos.d/
目录中创建一个扩展名为.repo
的文件(例如,elastic.repo
),并添加以下行[elastic-8.x] name=Elastic repository for 8.x packages baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/8.x/yum gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch enabled=1 autorefresh=1 type=rpm-md
-
通过运行以下命令安装后端服务
sudo yum update sudo yum install -y pf-elastic-collector pf-elastic-symbolizer
安装软件包后,启用并启动 systemd 服务
sudo systemctl enable pf-elastic-collector sudo systemctl start pf-elastic-collector sudo systemctl enable pf-elastic-symbolizer sudo systemctl start pf-elastic-symbolizer
现在你可以检查服务的日志,以发现任何问题
sudo journalctl -xu pf-elastic-collector sudo journalctl -xu pf-elastic-symbolizer
有关排除日志中可能发生的错误的更多信息,请参阅 排除通用性能分析后端故障。
我们在 Elastic 注册表中提供了 OCI 镜像,以在容器中运行后端服务。这些镜像是多平台的,因此它们可以在 x86_64 和 ARM64 架构上运行。
在你的系统中放置配置文件后,你可以使用以下命令运行容器(示例命令使用 Docker,但任何 OCI 运行时都有效)
-
收集器
docker run -d --name pf-elastic-collector -p 8260:8260 -v /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml:/pf-elastic-collector.yml:ro \ docker.elastic.co/observability/profiling-collector:{version} -c /pf-elastic-collector.yml
-
符号器
docker run -d --name pf-elastic-symbolizer -p 8240:8240 -v /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml:/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml:ro \ docker.elastic.co/observability/profiling-symbolizer:{version} -c /pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml
使用上述命令,后端容器将分别在主机端口 8260 和 8240 上提供 HTTP 端点。我们提供了 -v
标志,以将配置文件挂载到容器中,然后我们使用 -c
标志告诉应用程序从挂载的路径读取配置文件。
容器进程将在后台运行,你可以使用 docker logs <container_name>
检查日志,例如
docker logs pf-elastic-collector docker logs pf-elastic-symbolizer
-
下载并解压缩适用于你平台的二进制文件
对于 x86_64
wget -O- "https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/prodfiler/pf-elastic-collector-8.17.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz" | tar xzf - wget -O- "https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/prodfiler/pf-elastic-symbolizer-8.17.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz" | tar xzf -
对于 ARM64
wget -O- "https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/prodfiler/pf-elastic-collector-8.17.0-linux-arm64.tar.gz" | tar xzf - wget -O- "https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/prodfiler/pf-elastic-symbolizer-8.17.0-linux-arm64.tar.gz" | tar xzf -
- 将
pf-elastic-collector
和pf-elastic-symbolizer
二进制文件复制到计算机PATH
中的目录中。 -
运行后端应用程序进程,指示它们读取先前创建的配置文件。
pf-elastic-collector -c /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml pf-elastic-symbolizer -c /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml
如果要自定义传递给二进制文件的配置选项,可以使用命令行标志。所有覆盖均使用 -E
标志指定。例如,如果要覆盖 pf-elastic-collector
应用程序的 host
值,可以使用 -E pf-elastic-collector.host
标志,如下所示
pf-elastic-collector -c /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml -E pf-elastic-collector.host=0.0.0.0:8844
在前面的示例中,我们将收集器配置为在端口 8844 上监听所有网络接口,而不是 YAML 配置文件中包含的 8260 值。
你可以使用 -E
标志来覆盖配置文件中包含的任何值,只要你在命令行标志上指定完整的 YAML 路径即可。我们建议坚持使用配置文件以简化编排。
相同的配置覆盖和建议适用于 pf-elastic-symbolizer
二进制文件。
在 Kubernetes 上运行
编辑我们提供 Helm 图表,以在 Kubernetes 上部署后端服务。
要安装后端服务,你需要将 Elastic Helm 存储库添加到你的 Helm 安装中,然后安装图表。
我们建议创建一个 values.yaml
文件,定义图表的 Kubernetes 特定选项。如果要坚持使用图表提供的默认值,则无需为每个图表创建 values.yaml
文件。对于应用程序的配置,你可以重用“创建配置文件”中详述的配置文件,并将它们作为值文件传递给 Helm(使用 --values
或 -f
标志),或者将它们复制到 values.yaml
文件中。
在下面的示例中,我们不对 Kubernetes 配置应用任何修改,因此我们将使用图表提供的默认值。
-
安装并更新 Elastic Helm 注册表
helm repo add elastic https://helm.elastic.co helm repo update elastic
-
安装图表(我们正在使用
universal-profiling
命名空间,但你可以随意自定义)helm install --create-namespace -n universal-profiling collector elastic/profiling-collector -f /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-collector.yml helm install --create-namespace -n universal-profiling symbolizer elastic/profiling-symbolizer -f /etc/Elastic/universal-profiling/pf-elastic-symbolizer.yml
- 按照
helm install
命令输出中列出的步骤,检查 Pod 是否正在运行并读取其日志。
在前面的示例中,我们使用了图表的默认值来配置 Kubernetes 资源。这些值不包括创建 Ingress
资源。如果要将服务公开给 Kubernetes 集群之外的通用性能分析代理和符号工具部署,则需要设置每个图表的 ingress
部分。
继续查看步骤 5:后续步骤。